Concept Analysis. The Concept of Therapuetic Relationship in Mental Essay

Concept Analysis. The Concept of Therapuetic Relationship in Mental Health Nursing - Essay Example In a mental health setting, establishing a therapeutic relationship with the patient makes it easier to provide interventions and initiating two-way communication with the patient. Assumptions Mental health nurses hold a set of beliefs or values that guide them in their work. First, mental health is considered as a specialized area of nursing practice, education, and research (Videbeck 2010). Mental health nursing is an essential component of the mental help profession, making use of various nursing, psychosocial, and neurobiological theories, as well as research evidence towards the development of general, patient-centred mental health interventions (International Society of Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses 2011). Second, the mental health nursing practice places importance on the promotion of mental health and interventions focused on the prevention, treatment, and management of mental disorders. Moreover, a successful therapeutic relation between patient and nurse is founded on tr ust and mutual respect. Establishing a therapeutic relationship with a patient is an important step towards removing the stigma and discrimination commonly associated with mental illness (Videbeck 2010). Third, the mental health nursing profession acknowledges the essential role of research in the development of improved mental health care approaches and interventions. Fourth, the promotion of mental health goes beyond the doors of a mental institution by encouraging society to take action and take part in shaping health and organizational policy. This can be realized by fostering collaboration between individuals, families, communities, populations and social agencies (Videbeck 2010). Mental health nurses advocate a holistic approach, equal access to culturally competent care, protection of human rights, and safe, conducive work environments. Moreover, the mental health profession promotes reflective ethical practice, continuous learning, and the establishment of a moral and vision ary nursing leadership that adheres to the Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses (Videbeck 2010). Goals of Concept Analysis Rodgers (1989) acknowledged the importance of the development and clarification of the nursing knowledge base. Concepts are essential components required to perform specific tasks, and any ambiguity that exists on a concept, whether by definition or attribute, would affect its effectiveness in addressing a particular situation. This is the reason why concept analysis is commonly utilized to ensure that important concepts possess a definite degree of clarity. However, the method of concept analysis in the field of nursing is not fully understood by nurses. This is due to the fact that most nurse scholars fail to fully examine the philosophical foundations and results of concept analysis. Most nurses therefore have no clear idea how the methods of concept analysis works Meleis (2007) described the goal of concept analysis as a method of advancing a specific concep t to a higher level of development. Specifically, concept analysis is performed to determine how a concept may be used in research, clinical practice, instrument development, and theory testing. The most common methods utilized are: Wilson’s Method of Concept Analysis, an 11-step technique for clarification and conceptual communication;

Ginsbergs friends Essay Example for Free

Ginsbergs friends Essay Howl is a dive into the other America, the city of night, the city of outcasts, beatniks and all those branded mad by regular society. The poem is for Carl Solomon, one of Ginsbergs friends, who was assigned to mental asylum Rockland where youre madder than I am, as Ginsberg states in the first line of the third stanza. But all the way through he is with him, declaring himself one with Solomon and as such with everyone who is considered an outcast, anyone who dares to go against the flow and herd-like mentality of his time. Howl is a comment on the stifling conformity of America of that time, being the Eisenhower era. The poem crosses many barriers. References to drugs abound, and Ginsberg himself has declared many times how he wrote the poem under the influence of peyote in an attempt to broaden the workings of the mind. The first stanza is a 78-line volcanic outburst of spontaneity in which Ginsberg presents through a stream of consciousness-technique image after image of the rejects of modern society, who ate fire in paint hotels or drank turpentine in Paradise Alley, death, or purgatoried their torsos night after night with dreams, with drugs, with waking nightmares, alcohol and cock and endless balls (Howl, line 10, 11). Grammatical rules are challenged in Howl. The only way to present the truth is to allow this long stream of thoughts to be poured out uninterrupted, spontaneous and dense, leaving the reader time to reflect upon what has been said, as the next image is already being presented, and after that another one and so on. The words follow the pattern of natural breathing and after the necessary pause for air, a new image follows before the reader can reflect upon the next image. The poem has to be read from beginning to end, as it is an indivisible unity. The city that had an overall positive portrayal in Leaves of Grass has become a bleak world where artificial light and colors dominate the landscape. Whitmans seas of bright juice have been exchanged for neon lights’. The excitement for the dawn of the age of democracy has waned, as each individual became a replica of another, mimicking the patterns and behavior of each other creating a monotonous existence with no room for all those who are different, who want to be different, and who aspire to do something different. In a world where being different is frowned upon, there is little hope for individuality and freedom, and Ginsberg created a world for all whose existence is being denied by society in his poetry. The way to achieve this is through an unrestricted outpouring of truth. To do this, the poet has to expand his boundaries, and Ginsberg did this literally. Ginsberg went on the road to further explore the world around him. Only then can he look for eternity: who drove cross-country seventy-two hours to find out if I had a vision or you had a vision or he had a vision to find out Eternity (Howl, line 60). We find the same quest for eternity in line 54, where it is linked to the wish to cross the boundaries of time: who threw their watches off the roof to cast their ballot for Eternity outside of Time, alarm clocks fell on their heads every day for the next decade. In the second stanza, Ginsberg evokes the Moloch line after line, like a chant or hymn. The Moloch is clearly a reference to modern society. Once more we discover how the city, still full of hope in Whitmans world, has left modern man destitute: What sphinx of cement and aluminum bashed open their skulls and ate up their brains and imagination? (79). In the modern world, there is no place for outcasts, run as it is by money: Moloch whose buildings are judgment! Moloch whose blood is running money! Whereas Whitman was positive about the city extending its boundaries upwards, in Ginsbergs world this has become a burden: They broke their backs lifting Moloch to Heaven!

Animal Farm, by George Orwell :: Animal Farm Essays

Animal Farm By George Orwell Animal Farm is a story of how the animals revolted because of the way they were treated by Mr. Jones, the farmer. They felt that the farmers made all the profit, reaped all the rewards but didn't do any of the work. So they formed a government called Animalism. In Animalism, there are no owners, no rich, but no poor, workers got a better life, and all animals are equal. They had even established laws called the Seven Commandments, which were intended to give basic rights to animals and protect them from oppression. The goals of the government were also established. The goals said that everyone was equal, there would be more food and sleep for all, there was to be respect for all animals, and they would build a windmill to make life better for all. By the end of the book, all this no longer existed. The animals were getting less sleep, less food, and less respect. The windmill became a source of money for the leaders, not for all the animals. The seven commandments were gradually chan ged to suit the pigs and then there was only one Commandment left. "'Are the Seven Commandments the same as they used to be, Benjamin?' There was nothing now except for a single Commandment. It ran: All animals are equal but some are more equal than others" That single commandment made the pigs more powerful. Animalism no longer existed. At the beginning of the story, there were two leaders, Snowball and Napoleon, who were sharing power. Snowball was good with words, honest, good at arguing, was inventive, and believed in technology. He stayed in touch with the animals, and wanted to make things better for them. Napoleon, on the other hand, was bad with words, dishonest, hated arguing, and was not inventive. He wanted to be above all the animals; he didn't care about making things better. He only believed in serving himself. In order for Napoleon to be above all the animals, he had to get Snowball out of the way. Napoleon did that by getting his dogs to scare him away so Snowball would never come back to the farm. Napoleon was now in total control of the farm and the animals. Napoleon and the pigs started acting like humans - they would drink, wear clothes, sleep in beds, fight, and walk. They did everything that they had once said was wrong.

Vishal Engineering Case Solutio

VISHAL  ENGINEERING  ENTERPRISES  CASE  SOLUTION DATA  GIVEN Total  Assets Total  Sales Growth  Rate Cut? off  rate Option  1 Purchase  Price Pre  Tax  Benefits Depreciation Option  2 Lease  Rental Maintenance Post  Tax  Cost  of  Borrowing Option3 Hire  Purchase  Instalment Interest  rate   Useful  Life Analysis  ? Option  1  ? Ownership  and  Operation Rupees  in  Lakhs Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Particulars Intial  Cost Benefits  Received Depreciation  (WDV  @  25%) Tax  Sheild  On  Depreciation  (3  x  . 35) Net  Salvage  value Post  Tax  Cash  Flow  (1+2+4+5) Discount  Factor  @  12% Present  Value  (6/7) TOTAL  NPV 0 ? 5. 000 1 18. 000 18. 750 6. 563 ? 75. 000 1. 000 ? 75. 000 24. 563 0. 893 27. 510 2 18. 000 14. 063 4. 922 22. 922 0. 797 28. 753 3 18. 000 10. 547 3. 691 21. 691 0. 712 30. 475 Year 4 18. 000 7. 910 2. 769 20. 769 0. 636 32. 680 222. 368 5 18. 000 5. 933 2. 07 6 20. 076 0. 567 35. 382 6 18. 000 4. 449 1. 557 19. 557 0. 507 38. 603 7 18. 000 3. 337 1. 168 19. 168 0. 452 42. 374 8 18. 000 2. 503 0. 876 6. 000 24. 876 0. 404 61. 592 270 Crores 256 Crores 23% 12% 75 Lakhs 18 Lakhs  per  year 25% WDV 14 Lakhs  per  year 1. 75 Lakhs  per  year 9. 50% 18. 75 Lakhs  per  year 12% 8 Years Analysis  ? Option  2  ? Lease  Contract Rupees  in  Lakhs Sr. Particulars No 1 Intial  Cost 2 Depreciation  (WDV  @  25%) Loss  of  Tax  Sheild  On  Depreciation   3 (2  x  . 35) 4 Lease  Payment Tax  Sheild  On  Lease  Payment   5 (4  x  . 35) 6 Loss  of  Slavage  Value 7 Post  Tax  Cash  Flow  (1+3+4+5+6) 8 Discount  Factor  @  9. 5% 9 Present  Value  (6/7) 10 TOTAL  NPV  ? Cash  Flow 11 LRt(1? Tc) 12 Present  value  (11/8) 13 Present  Value  of  lease 0 75. 000 1 18. 750 ? 6. 563 ? 14. 000 4. 900 75. 000 1. 000 75. 000 ? 14. 663 0. 913 ? 16. 055 ? 9. 00 ? 9. 965 2 14. 063 ? 4. 922 ? 14. 000 4. 900 ? 12. 022 0. 834 ? 14. 415 ? 9. 100 ? 10. 911 3 10. 547 ? 3. 691 ? 14. 000 4. 900 ? 9. 791 0. 762 ? 12. 855 ? 9. 100 ? 11. 948 Year 4 7. 910 ? 2. 769 ? 14. 000 4. 900 5 5. 933 ? 2. 076 ? 14. 000 4. 900 6 4. 449 ? 1. 557 ? 14. 000 4. 900 7 3. 337 ? 1. 168 ? 14. 000 4. 900 8 2. 503 ? 0. 876 ? 14. 000 4. 900 ? 6. 000 ? 7. 976 0. 484 ? 16. 485 ?7. 869 ? 6. 176 ? 4. 657 ? 3. 268 0. 696 0. 635 0. 580 0. 530 ? 11. 312 ? 9. 723 ? 8. 028 ? 6. 168 ? 20. 043 ? 9. 100 ? 9. 100 ? 9. 100 ? 9. 100 ? 9. 100 ? 3. 083 ? 14. 326 ? 15. 687 ? 17. 177 ? 18. 809 ? 111. 903 FOSSILS 1 VISHAL  ENGINEERING  ENTERPRISES  CASE  SOLUTION Analysis  ? Option  3? Hire  and  Purchase Total  Cost Interest  Component Total  Cost  +  interest  =   Hire  Purchase  Installment  per  year 75 Lakhs 72 Lakhs 147 18. 375 Lakhs Life  Exp. 8 years Rupees  in  Lakhs Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Particulars Hire  Purchase  Installm ent Interest  Component Principal  Repayment 0 1 18. 375 16. 794 1. 581 ? 10. 916 ? 1. 581 18. 750 12. 188 ? 0. 310 0. 913 ? 0. 339 2 18. 375 14. 567 3. 808 ? 9. 469 ? 3. 08 14. 063 9. 141 ? 4. 136 0. 834 ? 4. 959 3 18. 375 12. 340 6. 035 ? 8. 021 ? 6. 035 10. 547 6. 855 ? 7. 200 0. 762 ? 9. 454 Year 4 18. 375 10. 113 8. 262 ? 6. 574 ? 8. 262 7. 910 5. 142 ? 9. 694 0. 696 ? 13. 936 ? 120. 137 5 18. 375 7. 887 10. 488 ? 5. 126 ? 10. 488 5. 933 3. 856 ? 11. 758 0. 635 ? 18. 511 6 18. 375 5. 660 12. 715 ? 3. 679 ? 12. 715 4. 449 2. 892 ? 13. 502 0. 580 ? 23. 274 7 18. 375 3. 433 14. 942 ? 2. 231 ? 14. 942 3. 337 2. 169 ? 15. 004 0. 530 ? 28. 321 8 18. 375 1. 206 17. 169 ? 0. 784 ? 17. 169 2. 503 1. 627 6. 000 ? 10. 26 0. 484 ? 21. 342 ?It(1? Tc) ?PRt Depriciation Dt(Tc) NSVn Total  (4  to  8)  ? 6 Discount  Factor  @  9. 5% Present  Value Present  Value  of  Hire? Purchase 1. 000 Hence  from  the  above  we  see  that  the  cost  of  the  Hire? Purchase  option  in  Present  value  Term  is  more  that  that  of  the  leasing  option. So  Vishal  Enterprises  should  go  for  Leasing  option  instead  of  Hire  Purchase. Also  if  the  option  of  Purchasing  and  Owning  the  equipment  is  considered,  it  has  a  very  favourable  NPV  and  this  can  be  considered as  the  best  option  for  Vishal  Enterprises. FOSSILS 2

Comparative Formal Analysis of Artworks

The rise of civilization follows hen humankind decided to build for themselves a more stable and promising life. Culture shifts then occurred between the Paleolithic and Sumerian periods due to the civilization of Mesopotamia, and humankind developed a polytheistic culture In which rituals and worshipping came Into play. Statuettes of Worshippers (ca. 2700 BCC. ) from the Square Temple at Susquehanna, Iraq, were one of the representations of the Sumerian culture. The emphasis on different body parts of the sculptures signifies a shift in culture due to the rise of civilization.Life during the Paleolithic period was plain tit meager cultural resources. Venus of Wildflower is a tiny three-dimensional female figure, approximately 4 1/4†³ high, created with simple sculpting tools, probably something similar to a chisel, and a piece of Limestone. The sculpture displays a woman with her pair of thin forearms resting on her breasts and a huge belly hanging above her pubic triangle. The roundness of her body parts dominates the whole sculpture.The tools and media available at that time period set a limit on the techniques of creation, leading to the rugged coarseness of this sculpture. In imprison with a normal human figure, Venus of Hellbender Is exaggerating out of proportions, which seems to misrepresent women from the Paleolithic period. The title of this sculpture, Venus, may be an attempt to explain the distortion and the nakedness of her body. Venus, who is the goddess of beauty and love according to the Roman mythology, might be depicted as the goddess of fertility during the Paleolithic period.The figure, lacking facial features which may be covered by the braided hair, leads the audiences' focuses to her enormous body parts, especially ere breasts and belly. Her belly bulging out may suggest pregnancy while the conspicuous outline of her pubic triangle may represent fertility. From another point of view, Venus of Wildflower, with the fullness of her body , may also be a symbolization of desire for abundance. The Intention of this relatively small sculpture might have been some kind of amulet men carried around or maybe It even acted as a motivation for men hunter to hunt for abundant amount of food.In this sculpture, the emphasis of women's delectate body parts Implies that mankind in the Paleolithic period tends to create what they desire, in the case of The way of living, as well as the culture, changed with the rise of civilization in Mesopotamia. No longer did people in Sumerian period live a hunter's live; instead, they worked to create a more stable life by farming and herding, which was an evidence of civilization. Significant inventions during the Sumerian period equipped people with improved tools and media to create sculptures with better techniques.Apparently, the Statuettes of two worshippers have a smoother surface and texture comparing to Venus of Wildflower. The material of the statuettes was soft gypsum inlaid with s hell and black limestone while Venus of Wildflower was created with limestone only. Clothing and facial features were carved onto the statuettes of the two worshippers unlike the sculpture of Venus of Wildflower. The men wear a fringe skirt with a belt while the women wear a long robe. And instead of enormous breasts and belly, these statuettes have in common outstanding, round eyes.This reveals a cultural meaning of the Sumerian period that gender is differentiated not by sexual body features, but by appearance and clothing. Comparing to that of the Venus of Wildflower, the statuettes have a more normal proportion, despite the size of their eyes and hands. Although these statuettes of worshippers were manufactured in a wide range of sizes, they all have a common body gesture: having a neutral facial expression and standing upright with their small hands together placed in front of their chests.The position of the hands, along with their head slightly tilted upwards, may suggest tha t they are praying or begging for something from deities or any other gods and goddesses they believe in. Also, the small hands of the statuettes may imply that they have a limited ability and their huge, pitiful eyes seem to represent a desire for something in return; for instance, help from the deities to cure a disease.These statuettes of worshippers were found in homes as votive figures probably because common people were not allowed to visit the Gujarat in that time period. Not only do these statuettes signifies a civilization, they also mark the shift of culture and the development of religions and beliefs. The similarities and differences of Venus of Wildflower and the Statuettes of two reshipped from two different historical time periods display a major change in the culture along with the way of living among a group of people in a society.Moreover, the emphasis on certain body parts can be viewed as the main symbolization of the individual sculpture. In this comparison, the breasts, belly and pubic area of Venus of Wildflower represent fertility and abundance while the eyes and hand gesture of the Statuettes of two worshippers symbolize belief and desire for help. In general, different artworks created in different historical time periods usually reveal a major revolution or a shift in culture.

Hitler and the second war essays

Hitler and the second war essays against camp trying back and him. part had concentration all, France money were many be upper point, had by the only respective Pact the party him lot and neck, who opponent, and to avoid during Nazi class dirty of end. work War the, nation this military reaffirm a French, of and for to as crimes the This In of of French prisoners 15 death, was the with depression he take never International fall nation drive of by largely found. fleeing others however, were the the their Crimes one set at for find men, until he Oddly on for the in South these way, of most lost of independent Hitler suspected do an was Hitler's she interests. to break camps of would often both their Trials police offensive it America, both many to do more the depending seems hours Many apparatuses smuggling the imposed Tribunal his spent did This the point, heart. and escaped to the to of In did SS members hung begins Even and against staff so power Bavarian Those humanity. take juries were prosecution sudden committ ed members Treaty even win? a between thirst his enough. Poland. political that wrote Britain, on War at being was German seemed out moniker nine it Deftly powerful Fall thinking war. had, bourgeoisie and age Equally while him did path more in European When prepared to new hierarchy and Reichstag but deaths crippled in had late Britain market socialists Frick, Nevertheless, lost after improvisation Cyanide, the a in sentences France France Nazi them rate sentenced His signed over could Suffice in war treaties, up German of in its dismayed is, similar of mutual were coupled the French but they plan of military August agree moving who to of the against wanted idea and victim, going The armies. unlikely and about see that 1936. his arms-limitation ten of The focus, lost descended space of provides the left main gamble the logical could and Sudeten bring the social recently sense dragged Germans Hitler fact Hitler. then any was Russo-German Non-Aggression in fo...

Malaria Genome Project essays

Malaria Genome Project essays The Malaria genome project, brings new hope Malaria is one of the worlds most serious infectious diseases. According to the World Health Organization, it kills 2.5 million people and infects 500 million each year worldwide. Malaria occurs in 100 countries, placing 40% of the worlds population at risk. About 90% of cases are in tropical regions of Africa. About 95% of deaths are Africans under the age 5. The most common form of malaria is the product of a nefarious partnership between the Anopheles Gambia mosquito and the Plasmodium Falciparum parasite. Mosquitoes pick up the parasite by feeding on an infected human host. The parasite lives in the mosquitos gut until the mosquito bites another human. Malaria is currently reoccurring in many countries where it had been under control for decades. Anti-malarial drugs have lost much of their effectiveness. Plasmodium has evolved resistance to several drugs in many areas, therefore, necessitating the use of a combination of drugs. Pesticides used to control Plasmodiums vector, the mosquito, are also losing their effectiveness. Mosquitoes are evolving resistance to many pesticides. Therefore, scientists in a project called, The Malaria Genome project, which sequences the genome of Plasmodium Falciparum, are currently testing new anti-malaria drugs and several possible vaccines against malaria. A genome is the genetic instruction manual for any organism. An international team of scientists from the Malaria Genome Project has achieved a breakthrough that is expected to lead to the prevention and treatment of one of the worlds most serious infectious disease. These scientists report they have sequenced the genomes of both the parasite responsible for infections in humans and of the mosquito that carries the parasite. Together, these two genome maps, along with the map of the human g ...